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Comprehensive introduction to electric arc furnace!
Updated: 2022-04-28 Attention:
brief introduction
Electric arc furnace is an electric furnace for smelting metal and ore at high temperature generated by electrode arc. When gas discharge forms arc, the energy is very concentrated, and the temperature of arc area is above 3000 ℃. For smelting metal, the electric arc furnace has greater process flexibility than other steelmaking furnaces, can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus, the furnace temperature is easy to control, and the equipment covers a small area, which is suitable for smelting high-quality alloy steel.
Catalogue classification composition working principle advantages and disadvantages uses
classification
According to the heating mode, electric arc furnace can be divided into three types: indirect heating, direct heating and submerged arc.
1. Indirect heating electric arc furnace is an electric arc generated between two electrodes, which does not contact materials and heats materials by thermal radiation. This kind of furnace has high noise, low efficiency and is gradually eliminated.
2. Direct heating electric arc furnace is an electric arc generated between the electrode and the material to directly heat the material. Three phase electric arc furnace for steelmaking is a common direct heating electric arc furnace.
2. Submerged arc circuit is also called reduction electric furnace or submerged arc furnace. One end of the electrode is embedded in the material layer, an arc is formed in the material layer, and the material is heated by the resistance of the material layer itself. It is commonly used in smelting ferroalloy, melting nickel and copper matte, and producing calcium carbide.
form
1. Power supply: electric furnace transformer (rectifier), high voltage power supply, low voltage electrical control cabinet, etc;
2. Electrode part: electrode lifting device, conductive cross arm, electrode, etc;
3. Furnace body: furnace shell, furnace cover, furnace body tilting mechanism, etc;
4. Short network part: conductive copper bar, water-cooled cable, etc;
5. Cooling water system.
working principle
Electric arc furnace melting uses the heat generated by the electric arc between graphite electrode and iron (molten iron) to melt iron and overheat molten iron. In the process of electric arc furnace smelting, when the iron is melted, the smelting operation of further increasing the temperature and adjusting the chemical composition is carried out under the condition that the molten iron is covered by the slag. According to the properties of slag and lining refractory, electric arc furnace is divided into acidic and alkaline. Alkaline electric arc furnace has the ability of desulfurization and dephosphorization.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantage of electric arc furnace smelting is that it has strong ability to melt solid charge, and the molten iron is overheated and adjusted under the condition of slag coverage. Therefore, the suction of molten iron and the oxidation of elements can be avoided to a certain extent. This creates good conditions for melting low-carbon cast iron and alloy cast iron.
The disadvantage of electric arc furnace is that it consumes more power and is not as economical as cupola from the perspective of melting. Therefore, cupola electric arc furnace duplex method is often used in cast iron production. Due to the poor quench and heat resistance of alkaline electric arc furnace lining and the short service life of furnace lining under intermittent smelting conditions, resulting in high smelting cost, acid electric arc furnace and cupola are mostly used.
purpose
1. Refining of iron and steel and iron alloy;
2. Melting of high titanium slag and welding slag flux;
3. Smelting of alumina, magnesium oxide, aluminum calcium cement and other high-temperature refractories;
4. Melting of ash and oxide scale of stainless steel grinding wheel.
To sum up, this is the relevant information about the electric arc furnace introduced by the electric arc furnace manufacturer. Please pay attention to more relevant information: http://www.apple21.cn/
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